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Marijuana use (a 6% decrease in prevalence).A Grindr profile used in the study specifies interest in certain races.Income over $20,000 (a 6% decrease in prevalence).Housing stability (a 7% decrease in prevalence).Having had viral load testing in the past year, a proxy for being in care (a 9% decrease in prevalence).Having insurance coverage for ART (a 12% decrease in prevalence).Researchers looked specifically at those modifiable factors that would decrease the prevalence ratio by 5% or more, in order to close the viral suppression gap between black and white men: As there were a larger number of younger black men in the study, an age-adjusted analysis revealed important factors that could be changed. This led to a prevalence ratio of 1.6 (confidence interval 1.1-2.5) indicating that black men had a 60% higher prevalence of lack of viral suppression.Īge was a non-modifiable factor that contributed to differences in viral suppression, with younger men more likely not to have suppressed virus. Of the total sample, 33% of black men were found not to have suppressed virus, compared to 19% of white men. If result is probably not due to chance, the results are ‘statistically significant’. Statistical tests are used to judge whether the results of a study could be due to chance and would not be confirmed if the study was repeated. Marijuana use was higher among black men (62 vs 37%) while methamphetamine use was higher among white men (23 vs 12%). Thirty per cent of black men were in unstable housing or homeless compared to 17% of white men similarly, black men were more likely to have been incarcerated in the past year (15 vs 7%) and not to have insurance or government programme coverage for antiretroviral therapy (ART, 14 vs 5%). Around half of the black men had an income under $20 000, compared to only 29% of white men. In addition to sociodemographic data, viral suppression was recorded (defined as a viral load below 40 copies/ml) and data were gathered on possible explanatory factors.īlack MSM comprised 52% of the total sample 55% of black men and 33% of white men were under the age of 40. The studyĪs part of the Engagement Study – a community-based prospective cohort study – clinical and behavioural data were collected from 398 HIV-positive black and white MSM living in Atlanta between 2016-2017. There are few data from community-based studies sampling men who may potentially not be accessing HIV care at all or inconsistently. However, most of these data are from clinical cohorts of men who are already in HIV care. National US statistics have indicated consistent racial disparities in terms of viral suppression, with HIV-positive black men estimated to be 30% less likely to achieve viral suppression than white MSM. The racial disparity could be completely accounted for by differences in age, access to health care, income, housing stability and marijuana use, Dr Justin Knox from Columbia University told the Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI 2020) last week. A lack of viral suppression was significantly more prevalent among black HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM) in the US city of Atlanta than among white MSM, with black men 60% less likely to have suppressed virus than white men.